and in interconnectivity — several shortcomings emerge: Manual data consistency: Maintaining relationships between assets, threats, and mitigations becomes error-prone. No structural modeling: Excel lacks native ways to represent dependencies, attack…
The UNECE WP.29 regulation R155 and ISO/SAE 21434 standard now require automotive manufacturers and suppliers to implement a Cybersecurity Management System (CSMS) to systematically manage cybersecurity risks across the vehicle…
From insulin pumps and pacemakers to diagnostic imaging systems and remote monitoring tools, modern medical technologies now form part of an increasingly complex cyber-physical ecosystem. With these advancements come elevated…
The automotive industry is undergoing a transformation driven by increasing digitalization and connectivity across all vehicle categories, including motorcycles. While UN Regulation No. 155 (UNR155) has established a global framework for…
As industrial environments evolve into smart, connected factories, cybersecurity has become a critical concern across every layer of the automation stack. While attention often focuses on PLCs, SCADA systems, and…
The automotive industry is undergoing a transformation, driven by smart factories, automation, and data-driven production. At the heart of this evolution lies the Industrial Automation and Control System (IACS) infrastructure…